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Britannic Republic
Britannic Republic

After King Henry IX's death, French leader Napoleon Bonaparte made England a stop in his near-conquest of Europe after the French Revolution. He was able to conquer England and Wales and was only stopped by the Regent's forces just south of the Scottish border. Napoleon proclaimed the Britannic Republic, using the St George flag of England and adding the green of the Welsh flag in the lower quarters. Superimposed in the center is the eagle and fasces, ancient symbols of the old Roman Republic. When Marshal Michel Ney was granted the English throne by Napoleon, King Michael retained the flag of the Republic.

Kingdom of the French
Royaume Francais
Kingdom of France

When the reactionary King Louis XVII was overthrown in the second French Revolution, it was considered imperative that the monarchy remain and be reformed rather than done away with. His second son, Francois, sympathized with the revolution and was declared King Francois III. The banner adopted by France was the Revolutionary Tricolor charged with the fleurs-de-lis shield of the monarchy, symbolizing the King's identification with his people.

Holy Roman Empire (Greater Germany)
Heilige Romisch Reich (Grossdeutschland)
Holy Roman Empire

William I, King of Prussia, was able to bring Germany together in the mid 19th century under his rule. After his defeat of Austria, Austria's Emperor was forced to trade that title in for that of King, and recognize William as the new Holy Roman Emperor. The new HRE's flag contained black and white of Prussia and the red and white of Austria, with a canton of Imperial gold and the Hohenzollern eagle in the canton. (This remained as long as Hohenzollerns were elected Holy Roman Emperor.)

Mexican Social Collective
Colectivo Social Mexicano
Social Collective of Mexico

A collectivist government was installed in Mexico and propped up by Joseph Stone, leader of America's collectivist state. Its flag was almost identical to America's, but with a green stripe at the hoist instead of blue.

North Italy
Kingdom of Italy
Kingdom of Italy

The Kingdom of Italy was formed under the leadership of Sardinia. For the flag, the flag of the Napoleonic kingdom of Italy was taken, the colors reversed, and the embem of Sardinia charged in the center.

South Italy
Italian Republic
South Italy

Around the same time as North Italy was united under the House of Savoy, southern Italy was brought together under Giuseppe Garibaldi. He and the revolutionaries chose the Sicilian land flag and added red to the hoist, symbolizing revolution.

Union of American States
The "Southern Empire"
Union of American States

The North-South split of the 1860s almost led to civil war in North America. The South believed that northerners had hijacked the Continental Congress and so declared their independence, still recognizing the Emperor John but naming Jefferson Davis as regent of the "Southern Empire." The Union flag reversed the colors of the Imperial flag of the time, and there was a bar rather than a canton for the stars. Ironically, 18 commonwealths formed the Union - the same number that had formed the Empire almost century earlier. This flag fell into history when, upon the urging of Generals Grant and Lee, the Emperor forced a settlement of the slavery, trade, and industrial issues.

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